azure-eventhub-java

作者原文

Build real-time streaming applications with Azure Event Hubs SDK for Java. Use when implementing event streaming, high-throughput data ingestion, or building event-driven architectures.

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能完成的任务

azure-eventhub-java

适合谁

按原作者介绍判断适用范围。

输入和输出

以完整原文为准，云端传输需由使用者确认。

软件、账号及付费要求

本包是 azure-eventhub-java 的 Microsoft Azure SDK 文档与示例，不含已验证的可执行安装程序。使用示例前核对 SDK 包名、版本、Azure 租户/订阅和实际终结点，仅授予本任务所需的最小权限；不把管理员凭据或真实机密写进示例、日志或提交。示例连接的云服务可能接收所选文本、文档、音频、消息、日志或其他输入并产生费用；确认数据范围、脱敏及费用后再连接。创建、更新、删除资源、密钥/权限变更或发送消息须由用户逐项确认，在测试资源上验证，避免生产数据覆盖与不可逆操作。文档中的占位终结点和样例输入必须替换并核对；网站仅核对固定源版本、完整附件和静态/病毒库证据，未运行 SDK、验证外部服务兼容性或授权任何云访问。

限制与区别

原作者介绍原样保留，中文为对应翻译。文档示例未经本站运行；版本、兼容性和效果为作者陈述。

实测状态

未测试

安全评级与访问范围

caution · 静态证据核验，不代表运行安全保证。

本包是 azure-eventhub-java 的 Microsoft Azure SDK 文档与示例，不含已验证的可执行安装程序。使用示例前核对 SDK 包名、版本、Azure 租户/订阅和实际终结点，仅授予本任务所需的最小权限；不把管理员凭据或真实机密写进示例、日志或提交。示例连接的云服务可能接收所选文本、文档、音频、消息、日志或其他输入并产生费用；确认数据范围、脱敏及费用后再连接。创建、更新、删除资源、密钥/权限变更或发送消息须由用户逐项确认，在测试资源上验证，避免生产数据覆盖与不可逆操作。文档中的占位终结点和样例输入必须替换并核对；网站仅核对固定源版本、完整附件和静态/病毒库证据，未运行 SDK、验证外部服务兼容性或授权任何云访问。

使用前请由宿主核对并授权实际文件读写、外部服务和联网目的地；本站的核验不会授予任何运行权限。

原始 SKILL.md

---
name: azure-eventhub-java
description: Build real-time streaming applications with Azure Event Hubs SDK for Java. Use when implementing event streaming, high-throughput data ingestion, or building event-driven architectures.
license: MIT
metadata:
  author: Microsoft
  version: "1.0.0"
  package: com.azure:azure-messaging-eventhubs
---

# Azure Event Hubs SDK for Java

Build real-time streaming applications using the Azure Event Hubs SDK for Java.

## Installation

```xml
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.azure</groupId>
    <artifactId>azure-messaging-eventhubs</artifactId>
    <version>5.19.0</version>
</dependency>

<!-- For checkpoint store (production) -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.azure</groupId>
    <artifactId>azure-messaging-eventhubs-checkpointstore-blob</artifactId>
    <version>1.20.0</version>
</dependency>
```

## Client Creation

### EventHubProducerClient

```java
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.EventHubProducerClient;
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.EventHubClientBuilder;

// With connection string
EventHubProducerClient producer = new EventHubClientBuilder()
    .connectionString("<connection-string>", "<event-hub-name>")
    .buildProducerClient();

// Full connection string with EntityPath
EventHubProducerClient producer = new EventHubClientBuilder()
    .connectionString("<connection-string-with-entity-path>")
    .buildProducerClient();
```

### With DefaultAzureCredential

```java
import com.azure.core.credential.TokenCredential;
import com.azure.identity.AzureIdentityEnvVars;
import com.azure.identity.DefaultAzureCredentialBuilder;
import com.azure.identity.ManagedIdentityCredentialBuilder;

// Local dev: DefaultAzureCredential. Production: set AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS=prod or AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS=<specific_credential>
TokenCredential credential = new DefaultAzureCredentialBuilder()
    .requireEnvVars(AzureIdentityEnvVars.AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS)
    .build();
// Or use a specific credential directly in production:
// See https://learn.microsoft.com/java/api/overview/azure/identity-readme?view=azure-java-stable#credential-classes
// TokenCredential credential = new ManagedIdentityCredentialBuilder().build();

EventHubProducerClient producer = new EventHubClientBuilder()
    .fullyQualifiedNamespace("<namespace>.servicebus.windows.net")
    .eventHubName("<event-hub-name>")
    .credential(credential)
    .buildProducerClient();
```

### EventHubConsumerClient

```java
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.EventHubConsumerClient;

EventHubConsumerClient consumer = new EventHubClientBuilder()
    .connectionString("<connection-string>", "<event-hub-name>")
    .consumerGroup(EventHubClientBuilder.DEFAULT_CONSUMER_GROUP_NAME)
    .buildConsumerClient();
```

### Async Clients

```java
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.EventHubProducerAsyncClient;
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.EventHubConsumerAsyncClient;

EventHubProducerAsyncClient asyncProducer = new EventHubClientBuilder()
    .connectionString("<connection-string>", "<event-hub-name>")
    .buildAsyncProducerClient();

EventHubConsumerAsyncClient asyncConsumer = new EventHubClientBuilder()
    .connectionString("<connection-string>", "<event-hub-name>")
    .consumerGroup("$Default")
    .buildAsyncConsumerClient();
```

## Core Patterns

### Send Single Event

```java
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.EventData;

EventData eventData = new EventData("Hello, Event Hubs!");
producer.send(Collections.singletonList(eventData));
```

### Send Event Batch

```java
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.EventDataBatch;
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.models.CreateBatchOptions;

// Create batch
EventDataBatch batch = producer.createBatch();

// Add events (returns false if batch is full)
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
    EventData event = new EventData("Event " + i);
    if (!batch.tryAdd(event)) {
        // Batch is full, send and create new batch
        producer.send(batch);
        batch = producer.createBatch();
        batch.tryAdd(event);
    }
}

// Send remaining events
if (batch.getCount() > 0) {
    producer.send(batch);
}
```

### Send to Specific Partition

```java
CreateBatchOptions options = new CreateBatchOptions()
    .setPartitionId("0");

EventDataBatch batch = producer.createBatch(options);
batch.tryAdd(new EventData("Partition 0 event"));
producer.send(batch);
```

### Send with Partition Key

```java
CreateBatchOptions options = new CreateBatchOptions()
    .setPartitionKey("customer-123");

EventDataBatch batch = producer.createBatch(options);
batch.tryAdd(new EventData("Customer event"));
producer.send(batch);
```

### Event with Properties

```java
EventData event = new EventData("Order created");
event.getProperties().put("orderId", "ORD-123");
event.getProperties().put("customerId", "CUST-456");
event.getProperties().put("priority", 1);

producer.send(Collections.singletonList(event));
```

### Receive Events (Simple)

```java
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.models.EventPosition;
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.models.PartitionEvent;

// Receive from specific partition
Iterable<PartitionEvent> events = consumer.receiveFromPartition(
    "0",                           // partitionId
    10,                            // maxEvents
    EventPosition.earliest(),      // startingPosition
    Duration.ofSeconds(30)         // timeout
);

for (PartitionEvent partitionEvent : events) {
    EventData event = partitionEvent.getData();
    System.out.println("Body: " + event.getBodyAsString());
    System.out.println("Sequence: " + event.getSequenceNumber());
    System.out.println("Offset: " + event.getOffset());
}
```

### EventProcessorClient (Production)

```java
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.EventProcessorClient;
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.EventProcessorClientBuilder;
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.checkpointstore.blob.BlobCheckpointStore;
import com.azure.storage.blob.BlobContainerAsyncClient;
import com.azure.storage.blob.BlobContainerClientBuilder;

// Create checkpoint store
BlobContainerAsyncClient blobClient = new BlobContainerClientBuilder()
    .connectionString("<storage-connection-string>")
    .containerName("checkpoints")
    .buildAsyncClient();

// Create processor
EventProcessorClient processor = new EventProcessorClientBuilder()
    .connectionString("<eventhub-connection-string>", "<event-hub-name>")
    .consumerGroup("$Default")
    .checkpointStore(new BlobCheckpointStore(blobClient))
    .processEvent(eventContext -> {
        EventData event = eventContext.getEventData();
        System.out.println("Processing: " + event.getBodyAsString());
        
        // Checkpoint after processing
        eventContext.updateCheckpoint();
    })
    .processError(errorContext -> {
        System.err.println("Error: " + errorContext.getThrowable().getMessage());
        System.err.println("Partition: " + errorContext.getPartitionContext().getPartitionId());
    })
    .buildEventProcessorClient();

// Start processing
processor.start();

// Keep running...
Thread.sleep(Duration.ofMinutes(5).toMillis());

// Stop gracefully
processor.stop();
```

### Batch Processing

```java
EventProcessorClient processor = new EventProcessorClientBuilder()
    .connectionString("<connection-string>", "<event-hub-name>")
    .consumerGroup("$Default")
    .checkpointStore(new BlobCheckpointStore(blobClient))
    .processEventBatch(eventBatchContext -> {
        List<EventData> events = eventBatchContext.getEvents();
        System.out.printf("Received %d events%n", events.size());
        
        for (EventData event : events) {
            // Process each event
            System.out.println(event.getBodyAsString());
        }
        
        // Checkpoint after batch
        eventBatchContext.updateCheckpoint();
    }, 50) // maxBatchSize
    .processError(errorContext -> {
        System.err.println("Error: " + errorContext.getThrowable());
    })
    .buildEventProcessorClient();
```

### Async Receiving

```java
asyncConsumer.receiveFromPartition("0", EventPosition.latest())
    .subscribe(
        partitionEvent -> {
            EventData event = partitionEvent.getData();
            System.out.println("Received: " + event.getBodyAsString());
        },
        error -> System.err.println("Error: " + error),
        () -> System.out.println("Complete")
    );
```

### Get Event Hub Properties

```java
// Get hub info
EventHubProperties hubProps = producer.getEventHubProperties();
System.out.println("Hub: " + hubProps.getName());
System.out.println("Partitions: " + hubProps.getPartitionIds());

// Get partition info
PartitionProperties partitionProps = producer.getPartitionProperties("0");
System.out.println("Begin sequence: " + partitionProps.getBeginningSequenceNumber());
System.out.println("Last sequence: " + partitionProps.getLastEnqueuedSequenceNumber());
System.out.println("Last offset: " + partitionProps.getLastEnqueuedOffset());
```

## Event Positions

```java
// Start from beginning
EventPosition.earliest()

// Start from end (new events only)
EventPosition.latest()

// From specific offset
EventPosition.fromOffset(12345L)

// From specific sequence number
EventPosition.fromSequenceNumber(100L)

// From specific time
EventPosition.fromEnqueuedTime(Instant.now().minus(Duration.ofHours(1)))
```

## Error Handling

```java
import com.azure.messaging.eventhubs.models.ErrorContext;

.processError(errorContext -> {
    Throwable error = errorContext.getThrowable();
    String partitionId = errorContext.getPartitionContext().getPartitionId();
    
    if (error instanceof AmqpException) {
        AmqpException amqpError = (AmqpException) error;
        if (amqpError.isTransient()) {
            System.out.println("Transient error, will retry");
        }
    }
    
    System.err.printf("Error on partition %s: %s%n", partitionId, error.getMessage());
})
```

## Resource Cleanup

```java
// Always close clients
try {
    producer.send(batch);
} finally {
    producer.close();
}

// Or use try-with-resources
try (EventHubProducerClient producer = new EventHubClientBuilder()
        .connectionString(connectionString, eventHubName)
        .buildProducerClient()) {
    producer.send(events);
}
```

## Environment Variables

```bash
EVENT_HUBS_CONNECTION_STRING=Endpoint=sb://<namespace>.servicebus.windows.net/;SharedAccessKeyName=...  # Alternative to Entra ID auth
EVENT_HUBS_NAME=<event-hub-name>  # Required for event hub name
STORAGE_CONNECTION_STRING=<for-checkpointing>  # Alternative to Entra ID auth for checkpointing
AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS=prod  # Required only if DefaultAzureCredential is used in production
```

## Best Practices

1. **Use EventProcessorClient**: For production, provides load balancing and checkpointing
2. **Batch Events**: Use `EventDataBatch` for efficient sending
3. **Partition Keys**: Use for ordering guarantees within a partition
4. **Checkpointing**: Checkpoint after processing to avoid reprocessing
5. **Error Handling**: Handle transient errors with retries
6. **Close Clients**: Always close producer/consumer when done

## Trigger Phrases

- "Event Hubs Java"
- "event streaming Azure"
- "real-time data ingestion"
- "EventProcessorClient"
- "event hub producer consumer"
- "partition processing"

版权与许可声明

    MIT License

    Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.

    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
    of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
    in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
    to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
    copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
    furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
    copies or substantial portions of the Software.

    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
    IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
    AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
    OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
    SOFTWARE